![]() "Contribution of head shadow and pinna cues to chronic monaural sound localization". This implies that each air particle is a sound. Rather, the sound waves of the radio cause longitudinal vibrations in the air in the entryway. The music from the radio can be audible directly in front of the entrance without diffraction. Diffraction occurs in all waves, not only sound waves. "Head shadow, squelch, and summation effects in bilateral users of the MED-EL COMBI 40/40+ cochlear implant". Diffraction is the term for the bending of a wave. "Directionality and the head-shadow effect". Oberzut, Cherish Olson, Laurel (2003)."Understanding speech in noise after correction of congenital unilateral aural atresia: effects of age in the emergence of binaural squelch but not in use of head-shadow". Gray, Lincoln Kesser, Bradley Cole, Erika (September 2009).It is a factor to consider when correcting hearing loss with directional hearing aids. The head shadow causes particular difficulty in sound localisation in people suffering from unilateral hearing loss. The shadowed ear, the ear further from the sound source, receives sound slightly later (up to approximately 0.7 ms later) than the unshadowed ear, and the timbre, or frequency spectrum, of the shadowed sound wave is different because of the obstruction of the head. The filtering effects of head shadowing are an essential element of sound localisation-the brain weighs the relative amplitude, timbre, and phase of a sound heard by the two ears and uses the difference to interpret directional information. The obstruction caused by the head can account for attenuation (reduced amplitude) of overall intensity as well as cause a filtering effect. Sound may have to travel through and around the head in order to reach an ear. ![]() A head shadow (or acoustic shadow) is a region of reduced amplitude of a sound because it is obstructed by the head.
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